This guide is available as a Word document or PDF. Incorporating drawing as a learning activity to accompany textual information can be helpful for meeting learning outcomes compared to no drawing (Leutner & Schmeck, 2021). According to the drawing principle, the exercise of drawing allows students to engage in generative processing (Leutner & Schmeck, 2021)…
This guide is available as a Word document or PDF. Tables Versus Graphs Numerical data are commonly presented as tables or graphs (Ainsworth, 2021). Tables have the additional advantage of including non-numerical data, as exemplified in Table 1. A typical reason to display numerical data on a table is so that students can extract these…
This guide is available as a Word document or PDF. Use Animations to Convey Motion Let’s define “animation” as a medium that changes over time (i.e. dynamic) and appeals to the visual channel. Thus, animations can include cartoons depicting abstract topics or a video recording of the instructor demonstrating a procedure. Animations are suitable for…